Oxygen Transport to Tissue XIV

ISBN-13: 9781461365167 / Angielski / Miękka / 2011 / 918 str.

Wilhelm Erdmann; Duane F. Bruley

Opis

The International Society on Oxygen Transport to Tissue (IS OTT) was founded in 1973 as a scientific society providing a forum for bioengineers, basic scientists (physiologists, biochemists and physicists) and clinicians (including anesthesiologists, intensive care specialists, pediatricians, neonatologists, internists, surgeons and other specialists) to facilitate the exchange of scientific information among those interested in any aspect of the transport and/or utilization of oxygen in tissues. From the ranks of its members, many fundamental discoveries and inventions have been made involving the many aspects of oxygen transport and utilization by biological tissues. The ISOTT proceed- ings, now in its 14th edition, has become a standard work in the field as witnessed by the inclusion in the Science Citation Index of all volumes published so far. The 19th ISOTT Meeting was held in Cura ao from August 24th through August 30th, 1991. The Cura ao Meeting attracted 145 registrants and 45 accompanying persons. The format originated by Dr. Ian Llngmuir in 1985, consisting of posters ac- companied by an abbreviated oral summary, was again successfully handled with slight modifications. The meeting was introduced by 6 review lectures covering the whole field of oxygen transport from bioengineering, the problem of diffusion in lung, blood and tissue through pathology of oxygen uptake in the lung, oxygen supply dependency of the critically ill to artificial oxygen carriers. A special session dealt with oxygen sup- ply under ambiant pressure changes.

Spis treści

General Introduction.- Bioengineering: The Fifth Traditional Engineering Discipline?.- The Oxygen Molecule and its Course from Air to Cell.- Special Introduction.- Basic Mechanisms of Diffusive and Diffusion-Related Oxygen Transport in Biological Systems. A Review.- Oxygen Supply Dependency in the Critically Ill — A Continuing Conundrum.- Oxygen Uptake in the Lungs under Pathological Conditions and its Therapeutic Effects.- Artificial Oxygen Carrying Blood Substitutes.- Ambiant Pressure Changes and Oxygenation.- Adaptation of O2 Transport and Utilization at Altitude in Man.- Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy: Past, Present and Future Indications.- Rat Brain Adaptation to Chronic Hypobaric Hypoxia.- Whole Lung Lavage under Hyperbaric Conditions: 1. The Monitoring of Circulation During Treatment of PAP.- Whole Lung Lavage under Hyperbaric Conditions: 2. Monitoring Tissue Oxygenation.- Skeletal Muscle PO2 in Anaerobic Soft Tissue Infections during Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy.- Effect of Hyperbaric Oxygen Treatment and Perfluorochemical Administration on Glutathione Status of the Lung.- Tumor Physiology and Oxygenation.- Blood Flow and Tissue Oxygenation of Human Tumors: An Update.- Computerized Histographic Oxygen Tension Measurements of Murine Tumors.- Oxygenation and Bioenergetic Status of Murine Fibrosarcomas.- Measurement of Human Tumor Blood Row: A Positron Technique Using an Artifact of High Energy Radiation Therapy.- Improving the Effectiveness of the Bioreductive Antitumor Agent SR 4233 by Induced Hypoxia.- A Computer Simulation of Oxygen Partial Pressure and Temperature Profiles during Hyperthermia.- Advancement in Technology and Instrumentation.- Oxygen Dependent Quenching of Phosphorescence: A Perspective.- Reflection Spectrometry.- Can the Flow Dependency of the Polarographic PO2 Electrode be Used to Measure Arterial PO2 and Local Capillary Flow Transcutaneously?.- The Use of EPR for the Measurement of the Concentration of Oxygen in Vivo in Tissues under Physiologically Pertinent Conditions and Concentrations.- In Vivo EPR Oximetry Using Two Novel Probes: Fusinite and Lithium Phthalocyanine.- Measurement of Cerebral Blood Flow in Adult Humans Using Near Infrared Spectroscopy — Methodology and Possible Errors.- Design and Evalution of a Reflectance Oxygen Sensor in Critically Ill Patients.- Biologically Active Cyanine Dyes as Probes for the Identification of Active Oxygen Species.- Analysis of Multiple Multipole Scattering by Time-Resolved Spectroscopy and Angular Dependent Spectrometry.- In Vivo NADH and Pd-Porphyrin Video Fluori-/Phosphorimetry.- In Vivo NADH Fluorescence.- Quantitation of Tissue Optical Characteristics and Hemoglobin Desaturation by Time and Frequency Resolved Multi-Wavelength Spectrophotometry.- Evaluation of the Algorithm Used in Near Infrared Spectrophotometry.- The Lung, Entrance Port of Oxygen.- Informative Imaging of Oxygen Supply Parameters in Clinical Practice.- Diffusion Limitation of Oxygen in Heterogeneous Lung and Tissue Models.- Gas Exchange in the Lung, Computer Feed Back Controlled Physiological Matching of Artificial Ventilation.- Non-Invasive, On-Line Measurement of Oxygen Consumption during Anesthesia.- Oxygen Transport Through a Model Lung Surfactant Surface Layer Influence of the Film Compression on the Kinetics.- Different Surfactant Treatment Strategies for Respiratory Failure Induced by Hydrochloric Acid Aspiration in Rats.- Gas Exchange Uniformity Within Individual Lung Lobes.- Effect of Artificial Ventilation on Pulmonary Antioxidant Enzyme Activities in a Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Rat Model.- Comparison of Pressure Support Ventilation (PSV) and Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation (IMV) during Weaning in Patients with Acute Respiratory Failure.- Alterations of the Respiratory Minute Volume Cause Changes in the Muscle Oxygenation of Rats.- Optical Measurements of Oxygen and Electrical Measurements of Oxygen Chemoreception in the Cat Carotid Body.- Dose Dependent Improvement of Gas Exchange by Intratracheal Perflubron (Perfluorooctylbromide) Instillation in Adult Animals with Acute Respiratory Failure.- Gas Exchange and Lung Mechanics during Long-Term Mechanical Ventilation with Intratracheal Perfluorocarbon Administration in Respiratory Distress Syndrome.- Perflubron (Perfluorooctylbromide) Instillation Combined with Mechanical Ventilation: An Alternative Treatment of Acute Respiratory Failure in Adult Animals.- Clinical Use of Oxygen Stores: Pre-oxygenation and Apneic Oxygenation.- A New Device for the Oxygenation of Patients: The NasOral-System.- Oxygen Transport in Blood.- Hemodilution and Oxygen Transport.- Second Generation Fluorocarbons.- Properties of Chemically Cross-Linked Hemoglobin Solutions Designed as Temporary Oxygen Carriers.- Elaboration of Fluorocarbon Emulsions with Improved Oxygen-Carrying Capabilities.- The Respiratory Potential of Oxygen: A New Quantity to Characterize State, Effects and Bio-Availability of the Gas in Organism.- Facilitation of Oxygen Transfer by Perflubron in Hemodiluted Dogs.- Monitoring of Intracapillary HbO2 in Foetal Scalp during Delivery.- O2 Transport during Exercise After Cardiac Transplantation.- Effect of Low Dose Oxygen™ Added to Blood on Muscle VO2MAX.- Fetal Oxygenation in Chronic Maternal Hypoxia: What’s Critical?.- The Relation of Oxygen Delivery to Utilization During Liver Transplantation: Is There a Critical Value?.- Comparative Study of the Accuracy of Two Fiberoptic Mixed Venous Saturation Catheters (SpectracathR vs OpticathR) during Acute Changes in Hematocrit and Cardiac Output in Humans.- Erythropoietin Induction by Hypoxia. A Comparison of In Vitro and In Vivo Experiments.- Altered Concentrations of Aldosterone in Neonatal Calves During Chronic Hypoxia and the Subsequent Recovery Period.- Oxygenation of the Heart, The Moving Motor.- Myocardial Oxygen Supply under Critical Conditions, the Effects of Hemodilution and Fluorocarbons.- Regional Cardiac Hemodynamics and Oxygenation during Isovolemic Hemodilution in Anesthetized Pigs.- Gradients of Capillarization in the Subendocardium of Rat Heart Septum.- Oxygen Pressure Histograms Calculated in a Block of Rat Heart Tissue.- The Effect of Realistic Geometry of Capillary Networks on Tissue PO2 in Hypertrophied Rat Heart.- Contractile Dysfunction of “Reperfused” Neonatal Rat Heart Cells: A Model for Studying “Myocardial Stunning” at the Cellular Level?.- Monitoring of Redox-State of Respiratory Enzymes and Myoglobin Oxygenation in the Working Rat Heart in Normoxia and Oxygen Deficiency.- Spatial Distribution of Oxygen Supply Units in Heart and Skeletal Muscle and their Regulatory Significance.- Effects of CPPV, PC-IRV, and LFPPV-ECCO2R on Right Ventricular Functions in Pigs with ARDS.- Oxygen Supply of the Tissue.- Factors that Determine the Oxygen Supply of the Cell and their Possible Disruption.- Oxygen Supply by Perfusion and Diffusion in Heterogeneous Tissue Models.- In Situ Determination of Convection and Diffusion Profiles in Heterogeneous Media.- Tissue Alterations By the Penetration of a PO2 Sensing Needle Probe.- A New Program to Evaluate Data of PO2 Histograph on Personal Computers under MS-DOS.- A Placental Perfusion pO2 Logger.- A Method for Simultaneous Recording of Tissue PO2 and EP in the Brain Cortex of a Test Animal with a Single Electrode.- Computer Simulation of Erythrocyte Transit in the Cerebrocortical Capillary Network.- Instrumentation and Technology for Multiparametric Mapping of Intraparenchymal Circulation in the Brain Cortex.- The Brain.- Classification of Oxygen Transport to Tissue with Neural Networks.- Oxygenation of the Cortex of the Brain of Cats during Occlusion of the Middle Cerebral Artery and Reperfusion.- Active and Basal Whole Brain Blood Flow, Oxygen and Glucose Metabolism in Monkeys.- The Regional Cerebral Blood Flow Response to Cortical Microelectrode Insertion is Neutrophil Dependent.- Cerebral Blood Flow and Brain Mitochondrial Redox State Responses to Various Perturbations in Gerbils.- Local Tissue PO2 during and after Focal Brain Cortical Infarction in Rabbits.- Brain Surface PO2 and rCBF in Rabbits with a Focal Cerebral Lesion and Pulmonary Hypoxia under Fentanyl-, Isoflurane or Thiopental-Anesthesia.- Treatment of Hemorrhagic Hypotension with Hypertonic Saline/Dextran: Effects on Brain Surface Oxygen Tension in Experimentally Traumatized Brain.- Monitoring of Cortical Intracapillary Hemoglobin Oxygenation in Patients during Brain Surgery — First Results.- Muscle.- Inert Gas Washout Measurement of Muscle Blood Flow Distribution — Roles of Hypoxia and Diffusion Limitation.- Effects of Endotoxin on Canine Skeletal Muscle Oxygen Delivery-Uptake Relations During Progressive Hypoxic Hypoxia.- Skeletal Muscle Capillary Flow and Oxygenation in Hypoxic Hypoxia: Effect of a 5-HT2 Receptor Antagonist.- Distribution Pattern of Capillary and Venular Red Blood Cell Velocity Following Ischemia-Reperfusion in Striated Muscle.- Oxygen Consumption of Human Skeletal Muscle by Near Infrared Spectroscopy during Tourniquet-Induced Ischemia in Maximal Voluntary Contraction.- Tissue Oxygenation Measurement: A Directly Applied Clark-Type Electrode in Muscle Tissue.- Other Tissues.- Oxygen Tension and Blood Flow in the Retina of Normal and Diabetic Rats.- Arteriolar Spasm and Ischemia in the Ocular Fundus of NaCl-Loaded Salt Sensitive Dahl Rats. Vascular Protection by Long-term Treatment with the Calcium Antagonist Nitrendipine.- Influence of Cryopreservation on Viability and Nutritional Microcirculation of Islets of Langerhans.- O2 Supply: Clinical Problems.- Role of Arachidonic Acid Metabolites in Pulmonary Oxygen Toxicity.- The Relationships between Oxygen Delivery and Consumption and Continuous Mixed Venous Oximetry are Predictive Parameters in Septic Shock.- Oxygen Delivery and Postoperative Mortality.- Is Oxygen Consumption Measurement during Anesthesia for Liver Transplantation Valuable for a Rapid Assessment of Adequate Function of the Graft?.- Assessment of Cerebral Oxygenation and Hemodynamics by Near Infrared Spectrophotometry during Induction of ECMO: Preliminary Results.- Oxygen Uptake and Static Lung Compliance during Automatic Ventilation.- Oxygen Uptake/Supply Dependency in Human Sepsis: Does it Increase the Risk of Multisystem Organ Failure?.- Intra-Anesthetic On-Line Monitoring of Oxygen Consumption Using a Closed Circuit System.- PO2 Profiles in Human Muscle Tissue as Indicator of Therapeutical Effect in Septic Shock Patients.- Preoperative Gastrocnemius Muscle PO2 as Predictor of Healing after Below Knee Amputation.- Changes of Tissue PO2 in the Lower Leg Muscles after Vascular Surgery.- Comparison of Different Modes of Artificial Ventilation with Extracorporeal CO2 Elimination on Gas Exchange in an Animal Model of Acute Respiratory Failure.- Evaluation of Oxygenation with Different Modes of Ventilation in Patients with Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome.- Group Photograph.- Author Index.