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Over the last few years, illegal logging and the
associated trade in illegally harvested timber has
emerged as one of the greatest threats to forests
around the world. Various initiatives have been
developed and are being pursued to tackle the
problem, amongst which is forest/timber
certification. A number of certification schemes
exist and are currently being widely used by various
Governments as part of their timber procurement
policy. But even within the existing certified
forests, there is still evidence of illegal and
unsustainable activities. This book therefore
assesses the extent to...

Current regulatory approaches have not prevented the loss of biodiversity across the world. This book explores the scope to strengthen conservation by using different legal mechanisms such as biodiversity offsetting, payment for ecosystem services and conservation covenants, as well as tradable development rights and taxation. The authors discuss how such mechanisms introduce elements of a market approach as well as private sector initiative and resources. They show how examples already in operation serve to highlight the design challenges, legal, technical and ethical, that must be overcome...