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Our approach to the way we look at genes or analyze DNA completely revolutionized after Dr. Kary Mullis envisioned a means of copying DNA in a chain reaction in 1983. Subsequently, he won the Nobel Prize for inventing this powerful polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technology which has now become a ubiquitous tool in every life science laboratory, be it for basic or applied research, for diagnostics.PCR is one of the most important techniques used to study DNA and RNA obtained from a variety of tissue sources and thus has become a "Cornerstone of Genome Sequencing Projects". Today the extent...

Oral manifestations are frequently the initial signs of leukemia, particularly in the acute forms, prompting the patient to consult the dentist first. The oral cavity, and especially the gingival tissue, is one site commonly involved either by leukemic infiltration or by inflammatory reactive hyperplasia causing gingival enlargement. The gingival infiltration may also be present without gingival enlargement. It is therefore imperative that the dentist recognize these leukemic lesions as early as possible because of the danger, in some instances, of oral surgical interference and also the...