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This study examines the use of Mandarin, Taiwanese, and English in two Freshman English classrooms in a university in southern Taiwan. With a varied language history, several languages are spoken in Taiwan. Although there are monolingual speakers of either Taiwanese or Mandarin, the majority of people in Taiwan are bilingual or trilingual. Therefore, code-switching often occurs in peoples daily conversation. Just as languages are used in speakers daily communication, so it is in the classroom context. The three aims of this study are firstly to explore the nature of classroom talk, focusing...

With the growth-rate at which data is being collected and stored electronically in almost all fields of human endeavour, the efficient extraction of useful information from the data available is becoming an increasing scientific challenge and a massive economic need. This book presents reviewed and revised full versions of papers presented at a workshop on the topic held during KDD'99 in San Diego, California, USA in August 1999 complemented by several invited chapters and a detailed introductory survey in order to provide complete coverage of the relevant issues. The contributions presented...