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Vicksburg National Military Park was established by Congress to "commemorate the campaign, siege and defense of Vicksburg," which many consider the most decisive campaign of the Civil War. The battlefield at Vicksburg is one of the largest and most heavily visited of the nation's historic sites. Beginning with the efforts of Union and Confederate veterans to gain Congressional action to establish the park, and continuing through veterans' work in land acquisition, road and bridge construction, and the dedication of the magnificent memorials and monuments that dot the landscape, Images of...

From the beginning of the Civil War the Confederate bastion at Vicksburg thwarted Federal hopes for gaining control of the all-important Mississippi River and cutting the far-flung Confederacy in half. By 1863, despite Federal successes at New Orleans and Memphis, Vicksburg stood defiant, keeping open the flow of badly needed supplies from the Trans-Mississippi West to the major Confederate armies in the East. But that year, an unlikely new Federal hero--scruffy, cigar-smoking Ulyssess S. Grant--prepared to launch an all out and highly risky campaign to topple the "Confederate Gibraltar."...