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Local antimicrobial therapy has become an established part of the armamentaria for the reduction of plaque and gingival inflammation in the treatment of gingivitis. The antimicrobial agent chlorhexidine possesses most of the characteristics of the ideal antimicrobial. That is, it is safe; clinically effective in reducing plaque and gingivitis, has substantivity; affects the pathogenic flora and is acceptable in terms of taste, cost, and ease of use. Recently a new approach using local delivery system containing antibiotic or antiseptic drugs has been introduced. These systems allow the...

Research has provided evidence that chronic inflammatory periodontal diseases are treatable. Studies have also been directed at providing information to permit better understanding of mechanisms of disease progression and pathogenesis in order to make a treatment of periodontal disease more effective and predictable. As a result of advances in knowledge and therapy, the great majority of patients retain their dentition over their life time with proper treatment, reasonable plaque control, and continuing maintenance care. However, there are some situations when traditional therapy is not...