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The cycle representations of Markov processes have been advanced after the publication of the ?rst edition to many directions. One main purpose of these advances was the revelation of wide-ranging interpretations of the - cle decompositions of Markov processes such as homologic decompositions, orthogonality equations, Fourier series, semigroup equations, disinteg- tions of measures, and so on, which altogether express a genuine law of real phenomena. The versatility of these interpretations is consequently motivated by the existence of algebraic-topological principles in the fundamentals of...

The cycle representations of Markov processes have been advanced after the publication of the ?rst edition to many directions. One main purpose of these advances was the revelation of wide-ranging interpretations of the - cle decompositions of Markov processes such as homologic decompositions, orthogonality equations, Fourier series, semigroup equations, disinteg- tions of measures, and so on, which altogether express a genuine law of real phenomena. The versatility of these interpretations is consequently motivated by the existence of algebraic-topological principles in the fundamentals of...