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Biomarkers accepted for clinical use in breast cancer, such as CA 15-3 and CEA have low sensitivity and specificity, and are thus more useful for patients at an advanced stage of breast cancer rather than for early cancer diagnosis. So, there is a need for new biomarkers to help in diagnosis of primary breast cancer and this is one of the aims of the present study. Once a patient has been diagnosed with breast cancer, there are several factors shown to be associated with survival. These factors are referred to as prognostic factors such as axillary lymph node status, tumor size, histological...

HCV infection becomes a major health problem. So there is a need for improvements in diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of the disease. In this book, we concerned with studying biomarkers that can be used to help in detection of the progression of disease and prediction of the response to IFN-therapy. The book included a study on the relationship between the LMP 7 gene polymorphism and response to IFN-therapy in the Egyptian HCV infected patients. The study found a great association between the response to IFN-therapy in HCV infected patients and LMP 7 gene. so, the LMP 7 gene can be used as...