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Skirted foundations fixed to the edges of shallow foundations have been used for a considerable time, principally to increase the "effective depth" of the foundations in marine and other situations where water scours may be a problem. This method of improvement does not need excavation of the soil, and hence it cannot be restricted by the presence of a high water table. Sometimes, the shallow foundation is bounded by a close obstruction like wall. This wall has an effect on the bearing capacity of footing, whose behavior in this case can be similar to a skirted foundation in which a...

Reduction of angle of internal friction with increasing stress level of sandy soil is widely recognized and noticed by many researchers. There are limited studies on the effect of this reduction on bearing capacity of piles. This book presents a study of the effect of this reduction on axially loaded bored piles embedded in dense and medium sand by using finite element approach. The soil modeled using a hyperbolic soil model with an empirical equation to account for the reduction of angle of internal friction with increasing stress level while the concrete bored pile modeled as a linear...