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In December 1917, British troops entered Jerusalem, thereby ending Ottoman rule and opening a new and important era in the history of Jerusalem. Roberto Mazza discusses the period of transition from Ottoman rule to the British administration, focusing on the socio-political changes from the nineteenth century to the twentieth, the impact of the First World War and the ongoing development of Jerusalem into the vibrant city it has become. He considers the impact of the change in administration on the local population and uses case studies to provide new perspectives on this often overlooked...

The Valco S. Paolo site may be regarded as representative of the main Tiber valley in the urban area of Rome, which is located 2 km south of the city center. In recent years, as per level, temperature and electrical conductivity measurements conducted in gravel and sand aquifers have notable variations. For this purpose, heads observed from 15 piezometers and physical characteristic data of sand and gravel aquifers were monitored in 5 piezometers in the Tiber river by dataloggers during 4 months and integrated with available geological and hydrogeological information to develop a conceptual...

When World War I broke out in Europe in the autumn of 1914, a young diplomat was sent to Jerusalem to take charge of the Spanish consulate in the city. Antonio de la Cierva y Lewita, better known as Conde de Ballobar, recorded the events he witnessed and described his experiences and opinions in a unique document that has become an invaluable resource for historians. Ballobar's diary provides an unparalleled insight into late Ottoman Jerusalem - and the upheavals of wartime life in the city - and includes a detailed account of the battle amongst the local churches over control of the city's...