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On November 7, 1940, the third-longest suspension bridge in the world began to twist like a ribbon in a mild wind. For hours, "Galloping Gertie" undulated wildly while spectators watched in horror. Then, it tore itself apart and fell into the Puget Sound. The only casualty was a terrified dog named Tubby trapped in a car.This engineering post-mortem explains the phenomenon of aeroelastic flutter (not simple resonance, as often taught). It details the hubris of designers who prioritized slender aesthetics over structural stability and ignored the wind tunnel tests. A definitive guide to why we...

"The Eleven Dollar Memo - When a corporation calculated the cost of a human life" investigates the most infamous case of corporate negligence in history. In the 1970s, Ford discovered a flaw in the Pinto model: the gas tank could rupture in rear-end collisions, causing deadly fires. Engineers proposed a fix that cost $11 per car.Business ethics writer Robert Steel exposes the internal "Pinto Memo." Executives calculated that paying out settlements for anticipated burn deaths ($200,000 per life) would be cheaper than recalling and fixing 11 million cars ($11 each). They decided to let people...

This book traces the foundations of modern British geography and is based upon the first-hand recollections of some of those active in the discipline between the wars and after. The contributors show how geography evolved from fragile institutional foundations in British universities, and how from the outset the subject generated both controversy and considerable diversity of opinion. The volume discusses not only the growth of geography as a specific academic discipline, but also the relationship between geography and national planning that played such an important role in post-war...