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Historically, reclaimed water systems met water quality and public health related standards at the end of the treatment facility prior to entering the distribution system. However, water quality within the reclaimed water distribution system can significantly change and affect end uses due to changes in levels of color, odor, and biofilm growth. Operations staff need guidance to help them optimize the reclaimed water quality in the distribution system throughout the year. The objectives of this project were to: characterize the nature and extent of water quality deterioration in reclaimed...

The objective of this project was to perform an overall feasibility analysis of point of use (POU) and point of entry (POE) systems for arsenic treatment, and to develop industry-wide recommendations for use of such systems as an alternative to centralized treatment, considering factors such as costs, process reliability, public perception, liability, and regulatory acceptance. The researchers also planned to assess water quality criteria that may limit the performance of POU/POE systems and determine at what size POU/POE treatment systems are cost-effective. Given the operational, financial,...