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Aimed at research scientists and biotechnologists, this book is an essential reading for those working with extremophiles and their potential biotechnological application. Here, we provide a comprehensive and reliable source of information on the recent advances and challenges in different aspects of the theme. Written in an accessible language, the book is also a recommended as reference text for anyone interested in this thriving field of research.

Over the last decades, the study of extremophiles has provided ground breaking discoveries that challenge our understanding of...

Polar microbiology is a promising field of research that can tell us much about the
fundamental features of life. The microorganisms that inhabit Arctic and Antarctic
environments are important not only because of the unique species they represent, but also
because of their diverse and unusual physiological and biochemical properties. Furthermore,
microorganisms living in Polar Regions provide useful models for general questions in
ecology and evolutionary biology given the reduced complexity of their ecosystems, the
relative absence of confounding...

Over the last decades, the study of extremophiles has providing ground breaking discoveries that challenge the paradigms of modern biology and make us rethink intriguing questions such as "what is life?," "what are the limits of life?," and "what are the fundamental features of life?." The mechanisms by which different microorganisms adapt to extreme environments provide a unique perspective on the fundamental characteristics of biological processes present in most species. Extremophiles are also critical for evolutionary studies related to the origins of life, since they form a cluster on...

The development of new enzymes is one of the most thriving branches of biotechnology. Although the applications of enzymes are already well established in some areas, recent advances in modern biotechnology have revolutionized the development of new enzymes. The use of genetic engineering has further improved manufacturing processes and enabled the commercialization of enzymes that could previously not be produced. Protein engineering and the possibility of introducing small changes to proteins are bringing ever more powerful means of analysis to the study of enzyme structure and its...

In 1990, scientists began working together on one of the largest biological research projects
ever proposed. The project proposed to sequence the three billion nucleotides in the human
genome. The Human Genome Project took 13 years and was completed in April 2003, at a
cost of approximately three billion dollars. It was a major scientific achievement that forever
changed the understanding of our own nature. The sequencing of the human genome was in
many ways a triumph for technology as much as it was for science. From the Human Genome
Project, powerful...

In 1990, scientists began working together on one of the largest biological research projects
ever proposed. The project proposed to sequence the three billion nucleotides in the human
genome. The Human Genome Project took 13 years and was completed in April 2003, at a
cost of approximately three billion dollars. It was a major scientific achievement that forever
changed the understanding of our own nature. The sequencing of the human genome was in
many ways a triumph for technology as much as it was for science. From the Human Genome
Project, powerful...

In 1990, scientists began working together on one of the largest biological research projects
ever proposed. The project proposed to sequence the three billion nucleotides in the human
genome. The Human Genome Project took 13 years and was completed in April 2003, at a
cost of approximately three billion dollars. It was a major scientific achievement that forever
changed the understanding of our own nature. The sequencing of the human genome was in
many ways a triumph for technology as much as it was for science. From the Human Genome
Project, powerful...