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When O.D. Skelton became Prime Minister Mackenzie King s foreign policy advisor in 1923, he was already a celebrated critic of the status quo in international and domestic affairs, a loyal Liberal Party man, and a fervent nationalist who believed Canada needed to steer a path independent of Britain. Two years later, he became the permanent head of Canada s Department of External Affairs. Between then and his tragic death in 1941, Skelton created Canada s professional diplomatic service, staffing it with sharp young men such as Lester B. Pearson.

Skelton s importance in Ottawa was...

On November 17, 1938, Great Britain, the United States, and Canada, after four years of discussion and manoeuvre, signed two wide-ranging and interlocking trade agreements. A few large elements dominated the talks. The Americans wanted to breach the walls of the British imperial preferential tariff system. The British were anxious to retain markets and political support in the British dominions and the Baltic, while protecting their domestic agriculture and improving political relations with the United States. Canada, whose acquiescence and co-operation were necessitated by the...