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Hunger, food insecurity and malnutrition are major challenges in many parts of the world. Soil degradation and increased water stress worldwide are the major obstacle in the way of the resilient agri–food system. It has been estimated that, across the globe, over 800 Mha of land is affected by salts which include both salinity and alkalinity. Under stress conditions, soil, plant and microorganisms form a unique mutualistic relationship in and around the rhizosphere. Soil microorganisms inhabiting the rhizosphere, called Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR), possesses the potential to...

Global crop production is under a significant challenge from both biotic and abiotic stressors. Extremes in temperature, drought, waterlogging, salt, and pollutants like heavy metals are some of the key stressors that limit crop growth and cause losses in agricultural productivity. Crop plants depend on their innate biological systems to adapt to harsh environmental and edaphic circumstances; otherwise, their development, growth, and productivity are negatively impacted. Microorganisms, the most innate dwellers of a wide range of habitats, have a remarkable metabolic capacity to reduce...