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The gains from FDI inflows are unquestionable as it contributes to economic growth through an increase in productivity by providing new investment, better technologies and managerial skills to the host countries. The ultimate impact of FDI on economic growth depends on the degree of capacity of the host country to use FDI as efficiently as possible. Similarly, trade liberalization may facilitate economic growth through efficiency in production by utilizing the abundant factors of production more effectively and absorbing better technologies from advanced countries on the one hand, it may harm...

The extent and cost of degradation are substantial in India. Being an agrarian economy, any aggravation in the situation would threaten food security of the country. Out of total 329 million hectare geographical area 63.86 million hectare or 20.17 percent of total geographical area is degraded in one form or other. Though at macro level the adverse impact of degradation on production is not so high but review of various studies at micro level shows crop losses due to degradation are quite significant. In many cases land degradation is observed in terms of declining land use intensity, high...