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In the 21st century, air conditioning is considered a basic necessity for the modern lifestyle of human beings. This book, Air Conditioning Technologies and Applications, provides several studies on the latest advancements in the air conditioning field. The book focuses on energy efficiency, sustainability, and innovative technologies for developing environment-friendly air conditioning systems. The book explores emerging technologies, i.e. evaporative cooling air conditioning, sea water air conditioning, advanced air conditioning materials, localized air conditioning, heat pipe heat...

Global energy demand is expected to grow 47% by 2050, with oil remaining the number one source of energy. Renewables make up 27% of the global energy mix, as predicted by the International Energy Agency (IEA). To achieve IEA’s 2050 Net Zero targets, the electricity sector needs to reduce global emissions by nearly three-quarters. Even though renewables installations are expanding quickly, there is not enough to satisfy a strong rebound in global electricity demand. This will result in a sharp rise in the use of fossil fuel electricity generation that risks pushing carbon dioxide emissions....

Due to industrialization and increasing population, water demand continues to grow at compound annual growth rates of 7–8%. The current demand is also intensified by increased water utilization for hand washing due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Today, around 20,000 desalination plants operating around the world produce 100 million cubic meters of water per day to supply 300 million people. These desalination plants are a major source of environmental and marine pollution due to their inefficient operation. Scientists and researchers are encouraged to develop out-of-box solutions to achieve...