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Mineral extraction process must ensure the return of the productivity of the affected land.This monograph develops a new concept of shelf life period up to which mine soil can maintain its sustainability for suitable plant growth. Topsoil preservation is extremely important for the geo-environmental reclamation of damaged land due to mining. The issue is the preservation of topsoil in such a manner as to protect its productivity for later use in restoration of mined land. This problem is very much acute and large areas are continually being biologically unproductive every year. Efforts to...

Main air pollution problem due to mining is dust. This monograph develops emission factors to quantify mine dust emission and established a new methodology named as factal analysis and evaluated the actual contribution of air pollutants by a project in question and from other sources, their emission rate and dispersion characteristics . This is based on the changes of the wind directions and air quality at the monitoring stations when they are upwind and downwind from the mine. The methods are applied successfully in real life situation and Patents are obtained . A scheme is...