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This book collects different artificial intelligence methodologies that applied to solve real-world problems. This book has exciting chapters that employ artificial intelligence and applied to different applications based on integration with meta-heuristic and other techniques. The area of applications is including medical diagnosis, text analysis, cloud computing, and others which will enrich the reader. In this sense, the book provides practical and theory content with novel artificial intelligence techniques. The chapters were compiled using a scientific perspective. Accordingly, the book...

The bi-acidic properties of the low-coordinated 2- phosphorus in the stable 1,3-azaphosphole substructure might be strengthened compared to benzazaphospholes by anellation with electron- withdrawing heterocycles. Pyridine-anellated 1,3- azaphospholes without N-bridgehead are not yet known to the best of our knowledge. The unsymmetric bi- charge density distribution in pyrido-anellated heterocycles may lower the kinetic stability and thus increase the reactivity, as indicated by the easier thermal decomposition of pyrido- as compared to benzo-anellated N-heterocyclic silylenes, germylenes and...

This book contains scientific information on combating animals and insects affected on animal production. Ectoparasite control can be one of the most expensive and time consuming parts of being a livestock farmer. It is important to raise healthy animals for food and supplies. When working hard to prevent and fight ectoparasites from harming livestock, many factors need to be considered, such as, the time of year, the type of animal and the conditions where it lives and is raised. It is important to realize that ectoparasites are not only an annoyance; they can also transmit diseases and have...