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A pseudorandom generator is an easy-to-compute function that stretches a short random string into a much longer string that "looks" just like a random string to any efficient adversary. One immediate application of a pseudorandom generator is the construction of a private key cryptosystem that is secure against chosen plaintext attack.

There do not seem to be natural examples of functions that are pseudorandom generators. On the other hand, there do seem to be a variety of natural examples of another basic primitive: the one-way function. A function is one-way if it is easy to...

TheWorkshoponRandomizationandApproximationTechniquesinComputer Science, Random 98, focuses on algorithmic and complexity aspects arising inthedevelopmentofe cientrandomizedsolutionstocomputationallydi cult problems. Itaims, inparticular, atfosteringthecooperationamongpractitioners andtheoreticiansandamongalgorithmicandcomplexityresearchersinthe eld. RANDOM 98, heldattheUniversityofBarcelona(UPC), October8{10,1998, isthesecondintheseries, afterBologna. This volume contains all contributed papers accepted for presentation at theworkshop, togetherwithinvitedlecturesbyJosepD az(UPCBarcelona),...