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The six Schools and Symposia on Formal Techniques in Real Time and Fault Tolerant Systems (FTRTFT) have seen the eld develop from tentative explo- tions to a far higher degree of maturity, and from being under the scrutiny of a few interested software designers and academics to becoming a well-established area of inquiry. A number of new topics, such as hybrid systems, have been g- minated at these meetings and cross-links explored with related subjects such as scheduling theory. There has certainly been progress during these 12 years, but it is sobering to see how far and how fast practice...

This is a collection of papers from the Symposium on Formal Techniques in Real-Time and Fault-Tolerant Systems held at the University of Warwick on 22-23 September 1988. The papers cover a variety of subjects in these areas and illustrate different approaches to modeling safety critical systems. Important notions of time, synchrony, redundancy and replication are examined using assertional reasoning, temporal logic and the logics of knowledge. The volume will be invaluable to researchers in formal modeling of concurrency, real-time and fault-tolerance, and to software engineers in...

Majoreconomicupheavalscanhavethesortofe?ectthatSchumpeterforesaw60 yearsagoascreativedestruction.Inscienceandtechnology, equivalentupheavals resultfromeitherscienti?crevolutions(asobservedbyKuhn)ortheintroduction of what Christensen calls disruptive technologies. And in software engineering, there has been no technology more disruptive than outsourcing. That it should so quickly reach maturity and an unparalleled scale is truly remarkable; that it should now be called to demonstrate its sustainability in the current ?nancial turmoil is the challenge that will prove whether and how it will...