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Using exemplary historical scenarios, the present cultural history traces the transdisciplinary development of a psychosomatic discourse between the 18th and 20th centuries, thus closing a gap in research. The human being as a complete entity made up of body and soul is not only a topic for medicine, but is also of significance in literature and philosophy. The exchange processes between literature and knowledge are registered in concrete examples, and they demonstrate literature both as a cause of illness and a cure and as a method of representation and cognition.

The study analyses early Romantic models of individuality and their relevance in the literature and philosophy of aesthetic modernism after 1945. Starting with Novalis, the self as a work of art is delineated in the way it manifests itself in figural constellations of androgynity, role-change, sex-change and various forms of love. Authors like Ingeborg Bachmann, Christa Wolf and Michel Foucault have directly taken their bearings from Novalis in plumbing the potentialities of a liberated creation of the self under the conditions dictated by modern power constellations.