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This discerning book examines the interface between intellectual property and foreign direct investments to consider one key question: how does the international investment law framework and the international legal regime regulating intellectual property converge? The book scrutinizes circumstances in which and to what extent international investment law's traditional protective standards apply to intellectual property rights investments and contributes to debate surrounding the fragmentation of international law, arising from its expansion and diversification.

In recent years, investor-state tribunals have often permitted shareholders' claims for reflective loss despite the well-established principle of no reflective loss applied consistently in domestic regimes and in other fields of international law. Investment tribunals have justified their decisions by relying on definitions of 'investment' in investment agreements that often include 'shares', while the no-reflective-loss principle is generally justified on the basis of policy considerations pertaining to the preservation of the efficiency of the adjudicatory process and to the protection of...