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The study of gasoline + alcohol and ethers mixtures using the methods of physical-chemical analysis is considered at the present time as a difficult goal as gasoline is an extremely complex mixture of hydrocarbons of varying composition. Ethers and alcohols are being blended with gasoline to increase octane number and to reduce air pollution problems associated with leaded gasoline.Ethers and alcohols used as gasoline additives (oxygenates) have excellent antiknock properties and are environmentally acceptable substances. The calculation of vapor-liquid equilibria of gasoline additives is...

Industrial wastewater including those from petrochemicals petroleum refining and coking plants contain appreciable amount of phenol or chlorophenols which have been identified as a hazardous compounds for many aquatic organisms by Environment Protection Agencies. Compliance with these stringent discharge limits and the most economic was of achieving this without loss of production has thus become a challenge to human ingenuity and responsibility. This has led to continued refinement of existing treatment technologies and recognition and development of promising emergent technologies like...