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Most of African mammals are small mammals although their ecology is least studied due to their small size, nocturnal in activity, shyness and secretive habit. From mammalian orders, rodents and shrews (excluding bat) have the largest number of species. For instance, rodents account for about 50% of mammalian species in the world; nearly 28% in East Africa; and 30% in Ethiopia and 50% of the Ethiopian endemic mammal fauna. Despite of high species diversity of rodents and shrews in Ethiopia, only few studies were carried out on their population, taxonomy and ecology. Moreover, today they are...

Indigenous knowledge is the local knowledge that is unique to a given culture or society. It is used at the local level for decisions related with agriculture and household products protection, human health, natural resources management and other vital activities. However, today many of these indigenous knowledge and techniques are at risk of extinction because of the rapidly changing natural environments and fast increase in socioeconomic and political changes on a global scale. Most indigenous knowledge that used for pest managements are mostly cost effective and environment friendly unlike...

In the book the biodiversity conservation status, problems, efforts and prospects in parts of the Horn of African countries representing Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia and Somalia are reviewed. The ever-growing human population of >100 million, and various socio-economic, environmental and cultural issues are indicated as challenging the implementation of biodiversity conservation programs in this region. This region has diverse types of ecosystems such as highlands, Afro-alpine, lowlands, deserts and coastal areas with varied topography, and vegetation types correlated with the level of...