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The dominant paradigm of paleoclimatology holds that fluctuations in the oceans' meridional overturning circulation can explain most past climate changes. There is, however, acute recognition of the importance of tropical Pacific sea-surface temperatures in orchestrating modern climate variability on timescales longer than a few years, epitomized by the El Nino - Southern Oscillation phenomenon (ENSO). This book investigates a subset of mechanisms whereby low-frequency variability is produced within the tropical Pacific and exported to the rest of the globe. We first develop an analytical...