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Operations Research befasst sich mit der mathematischen Analyse technisch-wirtschaft licher Probleme und Systeme. Man hat es dabei immer mit mehr oder weniger ausge pragten Unsicherheiten und Ungewissheiten zu tun. Oft kann man die Unsicherheiten vernachlassigen und mit Schatzungen, mittleren oder erwarteten Werten arbeiten. Es gibt jedoch Probleme, deren Wesen gerade durch den Zufall bestimmt ist. Man wurde den Kern des Problems nicht treffen, wollte man versuchen, den Zufallsfaktor zu eli minieren. In solchen Fallen muss das Problem mit wahrscheinlichkeitstheoretischen oder stochastischen...

Information usually comes in pieces, from different sources. It refers to different, but related questions. Therefore information needs to be aggregated and focused onto the relevant questions. Considering combination and focusing of information as the relevant operations leads to a generic algebraic structure for information. This book introduces and studies information from this algebraic point of view. Algebras of information provide the necessary abstract framework for generic inference procedures. They allow the application of these procedures to a large variety of different formalisms...

The subject of the book is an approach to the modeling of and the reasoning under uncertainty. It develops the Dempster-Shafer Theory as a theory of the reliability of reasoning with uncertain arguments. A particular interest of this approach is that it yields a new synthesis and integration of logic and probability theory. The reader will benefit from a new view at uncertainty modeling which extends classical probability theory.

Modern civilization relies on a functioning information infrastructure. As a result, dependability has become a central issue in all disciplines of systems engineering and software architecture.Theories, methods and tools that help to master the problems encountered in the design process and the management of operations are therefore of utmost importance for the future of information and communication technology.

The present volume documents the results of a research program on Dependable Information and Communication Systems (DICS). The members of the project met in two workshops...

This volume constitutes the 48 full refereed research papers accepted for presentation at the Third European Conference on Symbolic and Quantitative Approaches to Reasoning and Uncertainty, ECSQARU '95, held in Fribourg, Switzerland in July 1995 under the sponsorship of the DRUMS consortium (ESPRIT II BRA 6156).
In recent years, it has become apparent that an important part of the theory of AI is concerned with reasoning on the basis of uncertain, vague, incomplete, or inconsistent information. A variety of nonclassical formalisms, both symbolic and numerical, have been developed and are...