Science, Culture and National Identity in Francoist Spain, 1939-1959

ISBN-13: 9783030586485 / Angielski / MiÄ™kka / 2022

Janué I. Miret, Marició

Opis

This book examines the role that science and culture held as instruments of nationalization policies during the first phase of the Franco regime in Spain. It considers the reciprocal relationship between political legitimacy and developments in science and culture, and explores the ‘nationalization’ efforts in Spain in the 1940s and 1950s, via the complex process of transmitting narratives of national identity, through ideas, representations and homogenizing practices. Taking an interdisciplinary approach, the volume features insights into how scientific and cultural language and symbols were used to formulate national identity, through institutions, resource distribution and specific national policies. Split into five parts, the collection considers policies in the Francoist ‘New State’, the role of women in these debates, and perspectives on the nationalization and internationalization efforts that made use of scientific and cultural spheres. Chapters also feature insights into cinema, literature, cultural diplomacy, mathematics and technology in debates on Catalonia, the Nuclear Energy Board, the Spanish National Research Council, and how scientific tools in Spain in this era fed into wider geopolitics with America and onto the UNESCO stage.  

Spis treści

  Part I. Methodology

1. Introduction: The usefulness of science and culture as ‘nationalization’ tools in the early Franco regime: Marició Janué-Miret; Albert Presas i Puig.

2. Science, Nation and Culture: Changing Meanings: Mitchell G. Ash

Part II: Scientific and cultural policy in the ‘New State’

3. ‘The foreign modernity’: Symbolic order and science policy at the CSIC during early Francoism: Andrés Antolín Hofrichter

4. Scenarios of Science and Symbols of the New State:Political Resignification of the University City of Madrid: Carolina Rodríguez López

5. Epistemic Communities and Science Makers in the Franco Regime:A Study of the Nuclear Energy Board: Albert Presas i Puig

6. Science and technology in the nationalist debate in Catalonia after the Civil War: Antoni Roca Rosell

Part III. Women's space in the science and culture of the regime

7. In the Land of Men. Women in Applied Sciences at the CSIC: Fernando García Naharro

8. A field open to women: censorship of children’s and youth literature under Franco through women readers: Ramón Tena Fernández and José Soto Vázquez 

9. The contribution of the ‘Female Section’ to the Hispanic Community of Nations: Vanessa Tessada Sepúlveda

Part IV: Perspectives of nationalization in scientific disciplines and the arts

10. On the political value of science: the three lives of Spanish Mathematics in early Francoism: José M. Pacheco

11. The influence of French fundamentalist nationalism on the ideology of the Generation of 1948: Sara Prades Plaza

12. Of queens, soldiers, nuns, and bullfighters: nationalist stories in the fiction films of the Franco regime (1939–1963): Gabriela Viadero Carral

13. The nationalisation of the avant-garde during Francoism: Jorge Luís Marzo

Part V. Internationalization of science and culture in the Franco regime

14. French Hispanism and Spanish cultural diplomacy during the Franco regime: Antonio Niño 

15. Pause and adaptation in the post-war period: the re-establishment of Spanish-German cultural diplomacy (1945-1958): Marició Janué i Miret

16. Un scandale: Franco à l’UNESCO: The Franco Dictatorship and the Struggle for International Representation in the Social Sciences: Nicolás Sesma     

17.  Welcome to the Future! Science as a tool for American geopolitics in 1950s Spain: Lorenzo Delgado Gómez-Escalonilla

O autorze

Marició Janué i Miret is Associate Professor in the Department of Humanities at the Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain. She has published widely on Spanish-German cultural diplomacy in the period 1870-1959 and is currently working on two monographs respectively on the role of culture in Spanish-German relations in the period of National Socialism and on the re-establishment of Spanish-German cultural diplomacy in the post-war period.

Albert Presas i Puig is Associate Professor in the Department of Humanities at the Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain. He coordinates the Horizon2020 research project ‘History of Nuclear Energy and Society’, and has published extensive research on science during the Franco regime and in the European periphery, as well as on the history of nuclear energy.