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Military members operate within situations and environments that most people never experience. They must be superbly trained, physically fit, and emotionally strong and are burdened with a degree of responsibility and risk found in few other occupations. The discipline of military psychology involves the systematic and scientific study of the selection, training, adaptation, and performance of soldiers. Military psychology, by necessity, is a heterogeneous field of inquiry. On the one hand, it draws on all subdisciplines of psychology to understand the variables that affect soldier...

The Human Terrain System (HTS) was catapulted into existence in 2006 by the US military's urgent need for knowledge of the human dimension of the battlespace in Iraq and Afghanistan. Its centrepiece was embedded groups of mixed military and civilian personnel, known as Human Terrain Teams (HTTs), whose mission was to conduct social science research and analysis and to advise military commanders about the local population. Bringing social science - and actual social scientists - to the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan was bold and challenging. Despite the controversy over HTS among scholars, there...