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"The Paper Cage - How a booklet transformed humans into property of the state" investigates the invention of the modern passport. Before World War I, a traveler could cross almost any border in Europe without papers. The passport was considered a temporary wartime measure to catch spies, but governments realized it was the ultimate tool for controlling their population and never abolished it.Political historian Jacob Vance explains how the concept of "citizenship" shifted from a right to a permission slip. The book details the plight of the "stateless" in the 20th century-people who...

In Secrets: Humanism, Mysticism, and Evangelism in Erasmus of Rotterdam, Bishop Guillaume Briconnet, and Marguerite de Navarre, Jacob Vance argues that Erasmus and French Evangelical humanists made secrecy central to their literary thought. They revived Scriptural, medieval, and early Renaissance notions of secrecy in their spiritual and profane literature to advance the reforms in church and society that they advocated. Erasmus, Briconnet, and Marguerite expanded on Origenian, Augustinian, and pseudo-Dionysian concepts of divine mystery, as being secret, throughout their works. By...