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Recent years have witnessed a considerable increase in the interest in international reading literacy studies. Thanks to the widely cited PISA study, for instance, we have been told that Finnish students are the best readers in OECD countries. Such a result, however, would only be valid if all the texts and translations used in the reading test, written in all the different languages, were equivalent, or comparable, to each other and thus equally easy or difficult to read and understand. This study examines the special problems of equivalence that arise when translating texts in...

Recent years have witnessed a considerable increase in the interest in international reading literacy studies, such as PISA. The results of these studies, in turn, are often the basis on which nations make educa-tional decisions today. But to what extent are the results reliable and valid? To what extent are the decisions based on them fair and well-founded? The answer lies largely in the quality of the translations used in these studies - in the extent to which the texts and translations used in these studies are equivalent to each other and thus equally easy or difficult to read. This study...