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The European Commission is arguably the world's most powerful international administration. It plays a central role in the political system of the European Union. The Commission is a permanent presence in the life of the member states, but its influence is felt far beyond their borders. Viewed historically as the motor of European integration, the Commission is the subject of intense controversy. It is portrayed frequently as technocratic, monolithic, and unaccountable, but also as fragmented and weakly led. According to accepted wisdom, it is populated by career bureaucrats, who want only to...

The second of two volumes to examine how European Union member states coordinate their European policies, this book investigates the structures, institutions, and processes implemented by national governments in Brussels. It offers a detailed examination of the organization, operation, and performance of permanent representations, and their role in national systems of EU policy making, and looks at the extent to which interaction within a common institutional environment has brought about convergence between national arrangements.

This book is one of two volumes in which leading scholars examine how EU member states co-ordinate their European policies. Eschewing the "Europeanization" problematic within which the issue is usually addressed, this book adopts a broader, more inclusive approach. It examines domestic processes and investigates co-ordination in ten member states--Austria, Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Portugal, Spain, and the United Kingdom--looking at co-ordinating ambitions, the actors involved in EU policy making, and the structures and processes by which policy is made.

This study investigates the extent to which action at EU level in a range of industrial, financial and service sectors has affected the substance of national policy, and the behaviour of - and relationships between - member nations. It looks at the policies pursued by the four largest member states in these areas, discussing the initiatives launched by the EU and assessing the Union's impact on national policy, compared with other internal and external factors. Cutting accross the boundaries that have traditionally separated international relations, political science, public policy and other...