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Globally, there are continuing pressures on coastal and marine environments from reclamation, dredging, oil spills, and industrial and sewage effluents. This book investigates the potential use of macrobenthos in ecological impact assessment and monitoring programmes associated with Environmental Impact Assessment(EIA). Macrobenthos inhabiting subtidal areas off the coastline of Bahrain were investigated to characterize the impacts of human activities on these assemblages, and evaluate their use in ecological impact assessment. Likewise, macrobenthos inhabiting a mudflat hosting a...

Marine environment in the Arabian Gulf is naturally stressed due to elevated levels of sea temperature and salinity. Discharges from desalination plants could pose additional threats to its fragile coastal and marine ecosystems. This book assesses the environmental impacts of two major desalination plants that use Multi-Stage Flash (MSF) and brackish water Reverse Osmosis (RO) technologies on macrobenthic assemblages inhabiting subtidal areas in Bahrain. Localized severe impacts on these assemblages were detected adjacent to the outlets that influenced by effluents characterized by high...