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Built from a set of twenty standard amino acids, Proteins, the most abundant biological macromolecules found in living cells have great structural and functional diversity. Initially synthesized as linear polypeptide chains, they are required to fold to their unique native formats to gain function. Losing track during the folding process, proteins may misfold and end up as aggregates, causing neurodegenerative disorders. This book provides an overview of the protein folding scenario, the models and theories proposed, and consequences of misfolding have been discussed The book also provides a...

Benzyl-o-vanillin and benzimidazole nucleus serves as an important pharmacophore in drug discovery as it have a significant medicinal importance. Thus we explored the anticancer activity of three relative compounds and found their structure activity relationship compare with 2-benzyloxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde main structure. According to the cytotoxicity analysis, they induce cell death of leukemic cell line through DNA fragmentation. DNA binding studies reveals that the DNA binding occurs through groove region. The higher mutagenicity might cause DNA mutation through interaction with the...

With almost 50% of infertility attributed either wholly or in part to male issues, a comprehensive male infertility evaluation is necessary to optimize a mans reproductive potential while maximizing his overall health. Although a consensus exists that the basic semen analysis is the most important tool in male fertility investigation, a growing body of evidence suggests an association between hormonal control of spermatogenesis, the inflammatory process at different parts of the reproductive system, and the process of apoptosis that naturally occurs in the testis, so the goal of this work was...