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Aimed at academics and practitioners interested in the labor market and labor legislation reforms, this book examines the concept the single employment contract from the perspective of the EU (with application outside of the EU as well), tracing it from its genesis and evaluating its pros and cons in the context of current labor market problems in selected European countries. The book adopts a comparative approach to examine the single employment contract, highlighting its virtues and revealing its inherent contradictions. It sets out the general framework within which the current debate has...

The issue of who is or is not in an employment relationship has become problematic in recent decades, as a result of major changes in work organization, as well as in the adequacy of legal regulation in adapting to such changes. In different parts of the world, there is increasing difficulty in establishing whether or not an employment relationship exists in situations: where the respective rights and obligations of the parties concerned are not clear, where there has been an attempt to disguise the employment relationship, or where inadequacies or gaps exist in the legal framework or in its...

Solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation has influenced the evolution of life on earth and was one among the possible causes for the different skin pigmentation in humans: those inhabiting low latitudes, with high UV intensity, have darker skin pigmentation to protect from the deleterious effects of radiation, while those in higher latitudes have developed fair skin to maximize vitamin D production from much lower ambient UV. In the last centuries there have been an increase in human migration from original areas and changes in habits and attitudes, causing that human skin pigmentation is no longer...