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Colorimetry is a physical science that deals with objective and quantitative ways of describing color. Since the impression of color is something subjective - what one person perceive as "light blue," may look "medium blue" to another - it is not quite clear how to describe and identify different colors. Colorimetry tries to connect the notion of a standard color sample with the physical concept of light as a form of energy. The trichromatic theory of color vision is based on the working of three types of cone receptors present in the retina.This theory was originated in the 18th century and...

In day-to-day life, each and every substance which we come across do have a surface. These surfaces are the frontline receptors of any foreign attack from the surrounding environment. If the surface fails to tackle this attack, it can lead to further damage within the surface and lead to complete deterioration. This deterioration of the solid surface could be due to wear, corrosion, oxidation, fatigue, and creep. Therefore, it is essential to have a robust surface to tackle the severe environmental condition to which the substance is subjected to. Surface engineering is the field of materials...