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In the late spring some 13,000 years ago, the Laacher See volcano in present-day western Germany erupted. The area in the immediate vicinity of the volcano was completely destroyed, covering and preserving, Pompeii-like, a prehistoric landscape complete with traces of plant, animal and human activity. But what was the impact of this cataclysm on the Final Paleolithic hunter-gatherer communities that occupied nothern Europe at that time? This book presents a new take on the cultural evolution of these forager groups, seen in light of the Laacher See eruption. Rooted in a framework of...

The Lateglacial and Postglacial pioneer colonisation of northern Europe is a recurrent and ever-popular topic in archaeology. This volume presents a modern review of the topic and provides a wealth of new information on sites, approaches, dates and models. The chapters range geographically from Poland and Germany in the south and west to Finland and western Russia in the north and east, thus framing virtually the entire North European Plain and its northern extension. The volume will serve as a major resource for the study of the human pioneer colonization of the North.

Volcanic eruptions can affect everything--nature, wildlife, people. From the earliest times, human resilience has been tested by this most severe environmental hazard resulting in a variety of collective responses--from despair and helplessness to endurance, increased worship of the gods, and even mass migrations. Past Vulnerability breaks new ground by examining the histories of extreme environmental events, from the resent eruptions of Mount Merapi in Central Java to the prehistoric Toba supervolcanic eruption 74,000 years ago on the island of Sumatra. Experts from a broad and...