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This book addresses the question of how social democratic parties in Europe have responded to the global economic crisis - at the national level, across the European Union, and within the institutions of the EU. Many commentators have been keen to see a social democratic response to the global economic crisis that began with the sub-prime crisis and subsequently morphed into a full financial and economic crisis, from the collapse of Lehman Brothers onwards. In order for a social democratic alternative to globalised and finance-driven capitalism to emerge, however, we also need social...

The modern ?eld of multiagent systems has developed from two main lines of earlier research. Its practitioners generally regard it as a form of arti?cial intelligence (AI). Some of its earliest work was reported in a series of workshops in the US dating from1980, revealinglyentitled,"DistributedArti?cialIntelligence,"andpioneers often quoted a statement attributed to Nils Nilsson that "all AI is distributed. " The locus of classical AI was what happens in the head of a single agent, and much MAS research re?ects this heritage with its emphasis on detailed modeling of the mental state and...

This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-proceedings of the Second International Workshop on Environments for Multiagent Systems, E4MAS 2005, held in July 2005. The 16 revised papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from the lectures given at the workshop. The papers are organized in topical sections on models, architecture, and design, mediated coordination, as well as applications.