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Provides an overview of the physical basis of noise in semiconductor devices, and a detailed treatment of numerical noise simulation in small-signal conditions. It presents innovative developments in the noise simulation of semiconductor devices operating in large-signal quasi-periodic conditions.

The design and optimization of electronic systems often requires appraisal an of the electrical noise generated by active devices, and, at a technological level, the ability to properly design active elements in order to minimize, when possible, their noise. Examples of critical applications are, of course, receiver front-ends in RF and optoelectronic transmission systems, but also front-end stages in sensors and, in a completely different context, nonlinear circuits such as oscillators, mixers, and frequency multipliers. The rapid de- velopment of silicon RF applications has recently...

This work describes an ultrasonic method for measurement of membrane fouling in pressure-driven membrane separation system resulting from filtration of natural brown water. The ultrasonic signals acquired during the in-situ detection of membrane fouling were analysed using wavelet transforms (WTs). Wavelet analysis also was applied to differential ultrasonic signals to obtain additional information about fouling. The work was undertaken at the as part of the K5/1441 project funded by the Water Research Comission of South Africa (WRC).