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Spatial planning is constantly faced with conflicts between pro-developmental approaches and pro-environmental approaches. Despite the vision of an integrated, holistic planning process, the environment and urban development are seen as opposing concepts with conflicting objectives. Current reality reveals that the environment is often sacrificed in order to benefit urban development, mainly because green spaces are seen as a luxury, a visual attribute to the city, and not a necessity. There is no monetary value connected to the green spaces, as it is hard to quantify and measure green...

Current urban settlement formation in the
developing areas of South Africa is unsustainable. While the
reasons are undoubtedly diverse and complex, having
political, economical and social dimensions, it is argued
that the prevailing approach to layout planning is part of
the problem. The introduction of the global city region
concept in Gauteng initiated different mindsets and spatial
planning approaches. There is now, more than ever, a need
for transformation. This research proposed an...