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Fluxes in eutrophication status in Lake Manzala, the largest freshwater lake in Egypt, were investigated based on comparison of multiparameter data. Eutrophication maps were undertaken for each parameter using Carlson trophic indices. In addition, Kriging method of interpolation was effectively performed to identify the spatial patterns of all measured parameters. Spherical model was applied to fit all experimental variograms. It was shown that all eutrophication variables were significantly located along SE - NW and E - W directions.The investigation indicates that the lake has...

From the climatological point of view, northeast Iberia is an area of large interest due its varied geographical, topographical and climatic characteristics. This work provides a comprehensive assessment of observed changes of the surface air temperature in NE Iberia, using a a long, reliable and complete temperature data set. This work also investigates the spatial and temporal characteristics of extreme temperature events by using a set of 21 climate indices. In addition, this study explores the forcing mechanisms that explain temperature variations in the region, including the large-scale...