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It was more than ten years ago that an original version of this monograph was published with the title Quantum Optics in Japanese from Iwanami Shoten in Tokyo. Therefore, making the best use of this chance to translate the book into an English version, we have tried to include the exciting developments of the relevant subjects in these ten years, especially novel nonlinear optical responses of materials. The ?rst example of these nonlinear optical phen- ena is laser cooling and subsequent observation of Bose-Einstein and Fermi condensation of neutral atoms. Second, it is now possible to...

An exciton is an electronic excitation wave consisting of an electron-hole pair which propagates in a nonmetallic solid. Since the pioneering research of Fren kel, Wannier and the Pohl group in the 1930s, a large number of experimental and theoretical studies have been made. Due to these investigations the exciton is now a well-established concept and the electronic structure has been clarified in great detail. The next subjects for investigation are, naturally, dynamical processes of excitons such as excitation, relaxation, annihilation and molecule formation and, in fact, many interesting...