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Fougeret de Monbron (1706-1760) was a minor French writer known in Parisian literary circles in the 1740s and 1750s for his spoof of Voltaire's Henriade, entitled La Henriade travestie (1745). He is generally considered the model for 'LUI' in Diderot's fragmented novel the Neveu de Rameau, written some time after 1761. In addition to this, his travel memoirs, Le Cosmopolite (1750), are a recognized source of Voltaire's Candide (1759). Today, Monbron's novel on prostitution Margot la ravaudeuse (1753) (or Margot, the stocking darner) is his best known work. Widely read in France (where it has...

A critical edition of Fougeret de Monbron's 'Le Cosmopolite, ou le citoyen du monde' (1750). The introductory notes focus on the links to Voltaire's 'Candide' and show how Monbron's cynical memoirs combined with another important narrative source of 'Candide', La Place's 'Histoire de Tom Jones, ou l'enfant trouve' (1750). Edouard Langille is Professor of French Language and Literature at the St Francis Xavier University, Nova Scotia, Canada."

Published in Rouen in 1767 and reprinted two years later, Voltaire's Candide en Dannemarc, ou L'optimisme des Honnetes Gens wraps up the adventures of Candide. Turning his back on both Voltairean satire and scepticism, the novelist proposes a moralistic fable -- the focal point of which is a rehabilitation of Leibniz's Theory of Optimism. The main body of the novel tells the story of Candide and his new wife, the noble Zenoide, in their sumptuous Copenhagen townhouse. Before achieving this happy state, however, the couple endures various trials and tribulations reminiscent of the newly minted...