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States reject inequality when they choose to ratify the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR), but to date the ICESCR has not yet figured prominently in the policy calculus behind States' international economic decisions. This book responds to the modern challenge of operationalizing the ICESCR, particularly in the context of States' decisions within international trade, finance, and investment. Differentiating between public policy mechanisms and institutional functional mandates in the international trade, finance, and investment systems, this book shows...

States invoke economic crises and security threats to justify treaty non-compliance. The most dramatic recent examples of this phenomenon include "necessity" defences in international investment law; "emergency" derogations in international human rights treaties; "exceptions" for non-conforming measures in international trade law; and doctrinal misapplications of necessity in jus ad bellum and jus in bello. Necessity and National Emergency Clauses is the first to trace the doctrine's genealogy from medieval Christian and Islamic religious history to post-Westphalian practices, the...

From 2015, ASEAN transforms itself from a loose economic cooperation with nearly four hundred binding treaties and innumerable communiques, protocols, and other regional instruments on agriculture and property ownership, trade, investment, telecommunications and information, energy and natural resources, aviation and maritime security, interconnectivity, transport and infrastructure development. These international instruments will be carried over and amplified under the new governance system for ASEAN when the Southeast Asian states integrate under a single market in 2015.

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