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This book gives a detailed review on ground-based aerosol optical depth measurement with emphasis on the calibration issue. The review is written in chronological sequence to render better comprehension on the evolution of the classical Langley calibration from the past to present. It not only compiles the existing calibration methods but also presents a novel calibration algorithm in Langley sun-photometry over low altitude sites which conventionally is a common practice performed at high observatory stations. The proposed algorithm avoids travelling to high altitudes for frequent...

Energy harvesting system using piezoelectric material provides an autonomous solution for powering low power electronic devices such as remote sensing nodes. However, operating a slightly high power devices using piezoelectric material as energy source is still not possible due to low power output density. Therefore, researchers have continuously finding ways to optimize the system to increase the power output. A new method is proposed in this book by folding a given piezoelectric material equally and then splitting it for the use of efficient electrical power generation. These reduced width...