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Analysts have long noted that some societies have much higher rates of criminal violence than others. The risk of being a victim or a perpetrator of violent crime varies considerably from one individual to another. Some ethnic and racial groups have been reported to have higher rates of violent offending and victimization than other groups in societies with ethnically and racially diverse populations. This series of essays explores the extent and causes of racial and ethnic differences in violent crime in the U.S. and several other contemporary societies.

Several tragic events related to crime and the administrations of justice have highlighted the effects of societal inequality on the life chances of the African American population, especially young males. These include a number of high profile killings in which the victims were African American males and the perpetrators were police officers. These deaths also highlight other important areas for intellectual exploration which have the potential to shape public policy making considerations that extend far beyond the criminal justice arena. Imprisonment, crime, disease, substance abuse, and...