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The optimization of optical systems is a very old problem. As soon as lens designers discovered the possibility of designing optical systems, the desire to improve those systems by the means of optimization began. For a long time the optimization of optical systems was connected with well-known mathematical theories of optimization which gave good results, but required lens designers to have a strong knowledge about optimized optical systems. In recent years modern optimization methods have been developed that are not primarily based on the known mathematical theories of optimization, but...

This text presents research results in the field of classical and evolutionary algorithms and their application to the optimization of optical systems. This book, which is divided into four parts, illustrates the development of research from the classical least squares method of optimization and its numerous modifications to modern optimization methods that are based on analogies with nature such as genetic algorithms and evolution strategies.