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In this ambitious exploration of how foreign trade policy is made in democratic regimes, Daniel Verdier shows that special interests, party ideologues, and state officials and diplomats act as agents of the voters. Constructing a general theory in which existing theories (rent-seeking, median voting, state autonomy) function as partial explanations, he shows that trade institutions are not fixed entities but products of political competition.

Daniel Verdier's analysis of how politics influences financial systems focuses mainly on the history of banking since 1850. Verdier shows that contrasting national political institutions have led to discrete regulatory policies, and thus, different financial structures. He asserts that national political systems can counter the convergence that the market dynamic would otherwise impose. Illustratively, countries with decentralized institutions tend to have higher levels of financial regulation and less mobile capital.