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The proceedings of the symposium, sponsored primarily by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, critically evaluate the current state of knowledge concerning the protective role of immune agents found in milk, provide up-to-date information on milk factors with respect to thei

In the course of history, humans have attempted to interrupt the physiological and psychological bond formed between a nursing mother and her child by substituting breastfeeding with artificial formulas. A growing body of evidence indicates that breast milk, quite apart from its unsurpassed nutritive value, contains a large number of substances that protect the offspring from common infectious agents and allergens and promote the maturation of the gastrointestinal tract and the immune system. In addition to well described milk antibodies and soluble mediators of innate immunity, milk cells...