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Attempts to modify bone growth, both in terms of amount and direction have been made since antiquity. Initially, orthodontists generally limited their mission to simply move the teeth, allowing the alveolar bone to remodel naturally, ignoring the alveolar topography. Limitations in traditional orthodontic techniques and the duration of therapy often create barriers to the patient's willingness to accept orthodontic therapy. Currently, fixed orthodontic treatment requires a long duration of about 2-3 years, which is a great concern and poses high risks of caries, external root resorption, and...

Maxillomandibular hypoplasia, facial asymmetry, and congenital micrognathia are relatively common abnormalities in the craniofacial complex. Traditionally, the skeletal deformities have been addressed in non-growing patients via osteotomies followed by acute orthopedic movements and skeletal fixation with or without interpositional bone graft. Many congenital deformities require such large musculoskeletal movements, which will not be accommodated by the soft tissues, leading to compromised function, and esthetics unless soft tissue procedures are performed. Modern surgical interventions only...